Deforestation and land degradation on the ethiopian highlands. Even though, it has been much said that deforestation and poverty has a long history in ethiopia, the generalization that poor is the both victims and agents of deforestation has to be proved at local level. Pdf vegetation composition and deforestation impact in. Shannon wiever diversity index was used to determine tree species diversity, and the index was correlated with carbon stock. A thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies of addis ababa. I would like to thank ato yonathan getahun for his brotherhood advice and contribution towards the. A case study of four community based irrigation schemes a thesis presented to the school of graduate studies addis ababa university in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of. The three main causes of deforestation in the world are. Contrasted to other east african nations ethiopias deforestation rate is about the mean. This study will be able to categorize the severity of different form of malnutrition that had habitat in children. Deforestation and forest degradation in southern burkina.
Farmers perception on deforestation in ziway dugda woreda. Although undergoing through rapid deforestation and forest degradation, the park is still important in terms of carbon stock and carbon dioxide sequestration. Drivers of defforestation and forest degradation in ethiopia. Participatory forest management and its impacts on. Similarly, berry 2003 also stated that loss of land resource productivity is an important problem in ethiopia. Sc,in cooperative marketing to the school of graduate studies, mekelle university, through the department of cooperatives done by mr. Vegetation composition and deforestation impact in gambella national park, ethiopia article pdf available january 2016 with 428 reads how we measure reads. Cause of land degradation and its impacts on livelihoods. Cause of land degradation and its impacts on livelihoods of. Severe land degradation and the consequent series of drought and famine episodes have caused major waves of human migration in ethiopia over the past 5 decades. Deforestation is has a result of the interaction of environmental, social, cultural and political forces in a given region. Deforestation is major problem in ethiopia as the people rely on biomass energy for cooking. Deforestation is the process of removing the forest ecosystem by cutting the trees and changing the shape of the land. A thesis submitted to the department of statistics of addis ababa university in.
The bulk of haitis rainforest was already destroyed by the end of the 19th century lewis and coey, 1985, and in ethiopia, india and lebanon, forest had been depleted much earlier eckholm, 1976. Challenges and prospects of small enterprises in ethiopia. Problems of street children, a sociological study of urban sindh ph d thesis by. As a consequence, governmental and nongovernmental organizations made efforts to construct improved sources to provide access to safe and potable drinking water. Population growth is a major hindrance to attainment of sustainable development. This paper will discuss agriculture and forestry practices on the ethiopian highlands and try to identify. After four years that is after the enactment of the proclamation, the military government. On the other hand, the majority of people believe that climate change is caused by human activities such as deforestation, while some link it to supernatural wrath and punishment from god to the bad activities being done by human beings troeger, 2010. An assessment of the challenges and prospects of good urban.
The issues of deforestation and accompanying land degradation is high on national and international agendas, but still poses a large challenge at the local level, as is the case in ethiopia. Low policy priorityprofile of the forest sector due to low level of national awareness on significance of forestry for sustainable national development. An assessment of ecotourism as an effective tool for. While the secondary data source involved the search into published and unpublished materials relevant to the subject matter.
Socio economic and environmental impact assessment of. Jayawardena mee08182 abstract dire dawa, the second largest city of ethiopia, has been suffering from disastrous floods in its history. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of m. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance. To overcome these problems, efforts have been made to launch afforestation and conservation programs. The kingdom of axum, which was then in power, was one of the most influential and powerful trading centres in. A thesis submitted to the department of geography and environmental education in partial fulfillment of. The main objective of this study was to assess the impacts of consecutive resettlement programs spontaneous and planned on the forests in southwest ethiopia. Urban forestry in ethiopia has so far received limited attention. In the light of this change, this thesis serves to analyse the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of the. Socio economic and environmental impact assessment of community based smallscale irrigation in the upper awash basin.
A study of the deforestation in komto forest in east. Helvetas ethiopia swiss association for international cooperation, for supporting this thesis. The overexploitation of forest resources has left less than three percent of ethiopias native forests remaining. The spatial distribution and extent of forest cover were mapped for. Apr 15, 20 ethiopia has experienced massive deforestation. The quest for conservation in the midst of deforestation, resource degradation and. Csa 2010, 0astronomically it is located between 10. Deforestation in ethiopia takes place in both forests and farm woodlands and is recognized as the most severe environmental problem there. Deforestation and forest degradation as an environmental. The case of sinana district, bale zone, oromia region, ethiopia msc thesis. Ethiopia consists of nine ethnicallybased regional states and two chartered cities. Causes, effects and control strategies sumit chakravarty 1, s. Since most of environmental problems in the woreda are man made, it is up.
Ethiopia is highly susceptible to dirt erosion, particularly in the highlands teketay, demel 2001. According to fao, deforestation is the conversion of. The scope of the study done will be supporting and informing policy dialogue, strengthen knowledge and support policy development to implement intervention programs for the improvement of nutritional status of said age group children. Participatory forest management and its impacts on livelihoods and forest status. Demoz kidanie gebremeskel assessment of production practices and effects of n. Deforestation and land degradation on the ethiopian. In some cases, this may lead to expansion of forest areas. Redd reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation sdprp sustainable development and poverty reduction programme. Ethiopia enlists help of forest communities to reverse. Pdf deforestation and land degredation in the ethiopian.
Addis ababa university school of graduate studies masters. Thesis approval sheet as member of the board of examiners of the master of sciences m. Study on the evolution of some deforestation drivers and their potential impacts on the costs of an avoiding deforestation scheme in the context of the framework contract no. Experience in ethiopia a thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies of addis ababa university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in economics international economics by kibrom tafere june, 2008 addis ababa. Black carbon, another byproduct of burning biomass fuels for. Ethiopia and in the case of a company transacting a general insurance business at least 51% and in the case of a company transacting life insurance business, at least 30% of the paidup capital must be held by ethiopian nationals or national companies.
For example, in ethiopia, about 88% of forest fuelwood harvests are considered nonrenewable unfccc, 20122. An assessment of the challenges and prospects of good. Alamata community forest, tigrayethiopia is my original work and has not been. A critical study of the literature about deforestation in. Deforestation and forest degradation in southern burkina faso. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained.
Impacts of resettlement programs on deforestation of. There is a decreasing trend of forest cover globally and particularly in ethiopia definition of forest resulted in different estimates and should be considered to compare estimates at different points in time by different authors some authors defined forest only when it is a closed canopy which. Pdf problems of street children, a sociological study of. Gog is one of the wellknown districts for its forest coverage and fertile soil in gambella regional state and its one of the area where its. Its agricultural sector, which supports over 90 percent of the population, has been crippled by environmental degradation. A critical study of the literature about deforestation in the. In ethiopia, urban land administration is often perceived as one of the most corrupt sectors in public administration yiadom, et al. Projections done by central statistical authority csa indicate that the population in. Deforestation, accelerated soil erosion, and land degradation are serious problems in ethiopia. The socioeconomic and environmental impacts of large. The causes, consequences and remedies of deforestation in ethiopia.
On the other hand, the majority of people believe that climate change is caused by human activities such as deforestation, while some link it to supernatural wrath and punishment from god to the bad activities being done. Policy courses of the school of social work at addis ababa university, addis ababa, ethiopia, came to me and was discussed with the students. To overcome these problems, efforts have been made. Socioeconomic impacts of flooding in dire dawa, ethiopia alemu yonas tadesse supervisor. The case of haro tatessa resettlement site msc thesis addis. Ethiopia is one of the most well endowed countries in subsaharan africa in terms of natural resources gete et al. As thesis research advisors, we hereby certify that we have read and evaluated this thesis, prepared under our guidance, by zewdie wondatir, entitled livestock production systems in relation with feed availability in the highlands and central rift valley of ethiopia.
Climate change impact assessment and adaptation under uncertainty. Background ethiopia ethiopia, formally federal democratic republic of ethiopia, is located on the horn of africa bordered by eritrea, djibouti, somalia, kenya, south sudan, and sudan. The analysis is done on the basis of the sustainable rural livelihood approach. A thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies of addis. Peter harries university of south florida department of geology committee member. Impacts of resettlement programs on deforestation of moist. Study on the evolution of some deforestation drivers and. Deforestation is the process of removing the forest ecosystem by. Deforestation in ethiopia is due to locals clearing forests for their personal needs, such as for fuel, hunting, agriculture, and at times for religious reasons. A thesis proposal on study on nutritional status of 6. Where deforestation is more then just cutting down a tree, that all that can lead to extinction of animals, to people having to be evicted from there homes, global warming increasing, carbon emmisions going into our atmosphere causing sever damages in places like california, brazil and asia. Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the degree of doctor of philosophy.
Ethiopia to assess the perception of farmers towards the deforestation and possible conservation practices that need to be followed. A case study of four community based irrigation schemes a thesis presented to the school of graduate studies addis ababa university in the partial fulfillment of. The perception that forest sector is a single sector with limited contribution to the. Mekelle university college of business and economics. In particular, i greatly value the support that i got from helvetas ethiopia dessie office for their support during data collection in tehuludere woreda. However, natural resource degradation in ethiopia has been going on for centuries hurni et al. Research methodology description of the study area the study area, ziway dugda woreda is located in oromia region, arsi zone. This study was conducted at arba minch zuria woreda gamo gofa zone, southern. Soil tendencies approximated that in 2000 ethiopia had 43,440,000 km. Basic concepts of deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation 2.
Kassa2 1 wondo genet college of forestry and natural resources, shashamane, 128, ethiopia 2 center for international forestry research, forests and livelihoods program, ethiopia office, addis ababa, 5689, ethiopia. Concluding remarks there is a clear linkages between deforestation and worlds demands of fiber, food, and fuel understanding the underlying or indirect causes of deforestation is crucial to address redd and climate change most deforestation is driven. Environmental and socioeconomic impact of improved stoves. This study was conducted by financial assistance from the gamogofa zone head. While the secondary data source involved the search into published and unpublished materials relevant to. Improved biomass cook stoves for climate change mitigation. Apparently, the diminishing size of both the man made and natural forest resource. Marsfm working paper 5 2007 forestry department food and agriculture organization of the united nations manual on deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation using remote sensing and gis prepared by giri tejaswi rome, march 2007 strengthening monitoring, assessment and reporting on sustainable forest management in asia gcpint988jpn.
Pdf deforestation, accelerated soil erosion, and land degradation are serious problems in ethiopia. Under the fdre, urban land is governed and administrated by the urban land leasehold law which has been amended three times since its first enactment in 1993 no. The flooding of 6 august, 2006 was unprecedented and caused severe impacts in the city. A study of entrepreneurs in tigray region by mesfin seyoum kebede submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the subject development studies at the university of south africa supervisor. The overexploitation of forest resources has left less than three percent of ethiopia s native forests remaining. From a baseline of perhaps 40% forest cover in the 16th century, the country is down to 4. A study of the deforestation in komto forest in east wollega. The underlying causes of deforestation and forest degradation in ethiopia are described as follows. These forest resources together cover about 53% of the countrys landmass. Major purpose of the study the major purpose of this research was to assess the major causes of soil erosion and deforestation, and to gain an understanding of how deforestation and soil erosion affect. Regardless of the high rate of deforestation, ethiopia still owns some forest resources. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. The spatial distribution and extent of forest cover were mapped for the.
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